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[28] viXra:2601.0142 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-31 01:01:25
Authors: V. B. Verma
Comments: 9 Pages. AI was not used in the generation of any aspect of this work
Motivated by the suggestion made by R. H. Dicke in 1957 that the speed of light may be correlated with the gravitational potential of the entire universe, we develop a model for a Machian cosmology in which matter determines the speed of light through a scalar field which has a mathematical form similar to, but distinct from, the gravitational potential. We show that this leads naturally to a cosmology in which the speed of light was higher in the early universe and is decreasing in cosmological time, providing an explanation for the isotropy of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) without the need for inflation. This cosmology results in an apparent amplification of the baryonic mass density (dark matter) and predicts a critical acceleration reproducing that of modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND). We also fit the model to high-redshift supernova data from the Supernova Cosmology Project, showing that an excellent fit is obtained with only baryonic matter. Finally, we derive a geometric relationship between cosmological parameters and the fine structure constant of quantum electrodynamics.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[27] viXra:2601.0132 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-27 13:17:28
Authors: Alberto Coe
Comments: 15 Pages.
This paper presents a purely illustrative exploration of some numerical hierarchies that emerge when comparing different energy and time scales in the present-day Universe. A dimensionless parameter is introduced, constructed from the ratio between the energy density associated with the nonlinear gravitational structure and that of the cosmic microwave background, weighted by the ratio between the so-called Planck’s time and atomic unit of time. The resulting extremely small value reflects the enormous separation of scales between the physics of the early Universe, the relict background radiation, and the late cosmological structure. This analysis does not aim to establish new dynamic relationships or fundamental magnitudes, but rather to offer a numerical curiosity in the spirit of traditional discussions about large numbers in cosmology.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[26] viXra:2601.0129 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-27 20:31:20
Authors: Jerry Ray Betfis
Comments: 13 Pages.
Dark energy has not been explained other than to state that it may be the driving force behind the expansion of the universe. Each topic in the evolution of the universe has its own explanation: Temperature versus time is driven by radiation, then by matter, then by dark energy; Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) isotropy is driven by Inflation; Matter production is explained by saying sub-atomic particles get together but do not say where they came from; Recently discovered acceleration of expansion of the physical universe (that collection of things we see all around us) is still awaiting a consistent explanation. A single theory of dark energy with no adjustable parameters answers all these concerns and more. The temperature in the singularity was too great for matter to exist, thus, dark energy is a massless form of energy. It produces matter by the Breit-Wheeler process. Dark energy is the remains of the total energy from the singularity after matter production ceased. It is a perfect fluid and expands adiabatically and homogeneously with large initial velocity and will be analyzed by Friedmann’s solution of Einstein’s Field Equations. It forms a homogeneous sphere that keeps temperature, pressure, and matter isotropic. The physical universe expands at a rate that is the difference between the expansion due to dark energy and the inward rate induced by gravity. This accounts for the increased acceleration of distant cosmological entities. The expansion slows but never stops. The CMB radiation is the thermal footprint of dark energy.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[25] viXra:2601.0115 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-25 00:23:54
Authors: Stanley L. Robertson
Comments: 25 Pages. One figure
Since Schwarzschild’s first solution of the Einstein field equations, the simple model of a single, point mass gravitating source has encompassed an impressive array of phenomena that have provided confirmation for Einstein’stheory of General Relativity. These include gravitational time dilation and spectral redshifts, gravitational refraction of light, perihelion precession of planetary orbits, innermost stable orbits of accretion disks and, recently, the shadows of the photon spheres of extremely compact masses. These phenomena are associated with the geodesic motions of material particles or photons in the immediate vicinity of large masses that can be regarded as point sources of gravity. The limited purposes of this article are to present the underlying physicsof the exponential metric of Yilmaz and to demonstrate that it correctly encompasses the observed phenomena. As an isotropic metric, It may be the only one also in accord with the observed isotropy of inertia.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[24] viXra:2601.0114 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-25 00:21:21
Authors: Andrew W. Beckwith
Comments: 16 Pages. Chapter In " Cosmology research, Addressing current problems in astrophysics with editors M. Smith and A. Oztaz, 225
Our idea for black hole physics being used for GW generation , is using Torsion to form a cosmological constant. Planck sized black holes allow for a spin density term linked to Torsion.. And we conclude with a black hole versus white hole for creating relic GW frequencies in physics model of Black hole and white holes, linked by a worm hole. In doing so, we review its similarities to frequency values for GW due to a Tokamak simulation. The conclusion of this document will be in bringing up would be values for an initial wave function of the Universe
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[23] viXra:2601.0106 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-23 20:35:24
Authors: Lawrence S. Schulman
Comments: 1 Page.
It is proposed that acceleration be quantized.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[22] viXra:2601.0104 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-22 21:45:02
Authors: Andrew W. Beckwith
Comments: 10 Pages. [A] book [chapter to be published in] 2026
The author argues in this document that initial vacuum state values possibly responsible for GW generation in relic conditions in the initial onset of inflation may have a temporary unsqueezed , possibly even coherent initial value, which would permit in certain models classical coherent initial gravitational wave states Furthermore, several arguments pro and con as to if or not initial relic GW should be high frequency will be presented, with the reason given why earlier string models did NOT favor low frequency relic GW from the big bang.. What is observed is that large higher dimensions above our 4 Dimensional space time, if recipients of matter-energy from collapse and re birth of the universe are enough to insure low relic GW. The existence of higher dimensions, in itself if the additional dimensions are small and compact will have no capacity to lower the frequency limit values of relic GW, as predicted by Giovannini,,et.al. in 1995.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[21] viXra:2601.0102 [pdf] replaced on 2026-01-29 12:50:49
Authors: Antonio León Sánchez
Comments: 8 Pages.
The relativistic contraction of distances in the direction of relative motion is used here to formally deduce a potentially infinite number of violations of the Second Law of the Reflection of Light, violations that are impossible according to the first principle of special relativity. From this impossible, and therefore false, contraction of distances, the falsity of time dilations and the falsity of phase differences in synchronizations are formally deduced. Thus, special relativity is an inconsistent theory whose inconsistency must be a consequence of one of its two fundamental principles, the second principle being the only one that can be false, since the first establishes the universality of physical laws, without which the observed consistent evolution of the known universe would be impossible.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[20] viXra:2601.0099 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-22 21:28:49
Authors: Juan Moreno Borrallo
Comments: 75 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: For the last time, please submit article written with AI assistance to ai.viXra.org!)
We present the Quantum-Elastic Geometry (QEG) theory, a unified framework wherein spacetime is modeled as a fundamental, physical substrate with quantum, elastic, and dissipative properties. The state of this medium is described by a single, symmetric rank-2 tensor field, $mathcal{G}_{muu}$, whose dynamics are governed by a generally covariant action. Known physical interactions are shown to emerge as distinct, irreducible deformation modes of this unified field: gravity, electromagnetism, and a new field --denominated "thermo-entropic field"-- that gives rise to irreversible thermodynamics.Furthermore, fundamental constants of nature are shown to be uniquely determined and interrelated by the substrate's properties. We derive the fundamental constants of nature through two distinct yet convergent approaches: (i) from the physical postulates of QEG, assuming the $mathcal{G}_{muu}$ tensor, its properties leading to dimensional collapse ($[M]equiv[L]equiv[T]$), and parsimonious physical principles (e.g., reciprocity, damped equipartition, self-consistency), we deduce specific functional forms for the constants; and (ii) independently, assuming only foundational geometric principles for the substrate (homogeneity, isotropy, covariance, Lorentz invariance) and imposing self-consistency -formalized via a minimal set of geometric normalization conditions consistent with the QEG framework-, we derive the substrate's emergent structure and properties, obtaining precisely the same functional forms for the constants. The outcome is a robust, convergent two-way deductive framework, in which fundamental constants are geometrically enforced, emerging as predictable consequences of a stable and symmetrically constrained geometry.Finally, we show how the theory predicts -among other results- a scale-dependent gravitational coupling derived from a geometric duality in self-energy, which offers a parameter-free resolution to key cosmological tensions, including the Hubble crisis.In summary, QEG provides a coherent and consistent origin for both fields and constants, unifying them as rigorously derived emergent properties of a single, dynamic spacetime substrate.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[19] viXra:2601.0091 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-21 03:41:50
Authors: Yefim Bakman
Comments: 6 pages
If a non-material energy source were to exist, it could solve two problems in physics at once by identifying a common cause underlying the existence of dark matter and dark energy. Moreover, it could solve a third problem related to ordinary gravity, which general relativity still cannot explain.In fact, such a non-material source of energy was described by Nikola Tesla, who called it a "primary substance." However, this insight was not embraced by the physics community and has only recently been described in a series of articles.This article reveals the nature of the gravitational field, allowing us to understand the existence of "pure gravity" without the participation of mass at astronomical and cosmological scales. This explains the phenomena of dark matter and dark energy.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[18] viXra:2601.0088 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-21 23:49:06
Authors: Ajay Kumar
Comments: 5 Pages. 1 figure. Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 (Note by viXra Admin: Please submit article written with AI assistance to ai.viXra.org)
We present a conservative infrared extension of General Relativity in which late-timecosmic acceleration emerges from a curvature-regulated modification of gravitational timedilation. The framework introduces no additional propagating degrees of freedom and remains fully covariant at the action level. Exponential suppression ensures agreement withall laboratory, solar-system, and strong-field tests of gravity. We provide a detailed mathematical formulation, analyze background and perturbative dynamics, compare with existingobservational constraints, and study the theory across solar, galactic, and cosmological curvature scales. The model reproduces ΛCDM behavior at late times while yielding distinct,testable predictions in ultra-low curvature environments
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[17] viXra:2601.0082 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-20 21:56:27
Authors: A. J. Emili
Comments: 2 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: Please cite all listed scientific reference and submit article written with AI assistance to ai.viXra.org)
The persistent discrepancy between local measurements of the Hubble constant H_0 ~ 73 km/s/Mpc) and values derived from the Cosmic Microwave Background H_0 ~ 67 km/s/Mpc) suggests a fundamental incompleteness in the LambdaCDM model. We propose a solution based on dissipative wave mechanics within a viscous continuum. By introducing a non-vanishing kinematic viscosity nu to the vacuum substrate, we demonstrate that cosmological redshift is a non-linear function of distance, induced by Taylor-Couette-like dissipation rather than metric expansion. Numerical fitting against 2026 data from Cosmic Chronometers and JWST-JADES reveals that a single viscous parameter resolves the tension. Furthermore, we derive a falsifiable prediction: a Vacuum Dispersion (CVD), implying that redshift is frequency-dependent (d z / d omega > 0). This effect is testable with current lensed supernova observations.Keywords: Hubble Tension, Vacuum Viscosity, Dissipative Cosmology, Dark Energy, Alternative, Chromatic Dispersion, Hydrodynamic Spacetime
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[16] viXra:2601.0078 [pdf] replaced on 2026-01-26 14:42:11
Authors: Ervin Goldfain
Comments: 31 Pages.
We develop a geometric framework in which classical gravity emerges from primordial spacetime having continuous effective dimensions. Spacetime is modeled as an evolving multifractal structure, analog to the construction of Cantor Dust (CD), where the Hausdorff measure replaces ordinary volume. Two fundamental findings are uncovered, namely, 1) CD is directly tied to Dark Matter phenomenology; 2) Einstein-Hilbert formulation of General Relativity emerges as an effective action of CD.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[15] viXra:2601.0061 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-14 21:42:13
Authors: Yvan-Claude Raverdy
Comments: 3 Pages.
Recent observations made by the James Webb Space Telescope suggest a reformulation of what is called the "Big Bang." Here, we offer a detailed interpretation that incorporates the hypothesis of the universe's rebound as envisioned by Roger Penrose. This hypothesis presents three major advantages: the conservation of energy, the elimination of infinities, and the non-necessity of the inflation hypothesis. We provide numerical data to support this new conception.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[14] viXra:2601.0057 [pdf] replaced on 2026-01-23 20:36:40
Authors: Ervin Goldfain
Comments: 11 Pages.
We have recently conjectured that Dark Matter (DM) emerges from a statisticallyhomogeneous and isotropic Cantor Dust (CD) mass distribution described by a singularmultifractal measure [21-23]. The goal of this book is to show that leading DM paradigms—self-interacting, fuzzy, axion, and superfluid DM—emerge as effective descriptions ofprimordial CD. From this perspective, the multifractal representation of CD provides anultraviolet completion of DM phenomenology, unifying galactic dynamics, lensing, andlarge-scale structure while remaining consistent with cluster-scale constraints andexperimental observations
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[13] viXra:2601.0054 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-13 20:24:01
Authors: Michael Gunning
Comments: 7 Pages.
In this paper I put forward some ideas for a physical explanation of the origins of the Lorentz Factor, γ, and how it explains relativistic time dilation, length contraction and Inertia (mass) increase.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[12] viXra:2601.0044 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-12 01:56:25
Authors: Bernard Lavenda
Comments: 27 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: Please submit article written with AI assistance to ai.viXra.org)
We present a stochastic geometric framework for gravity, starting from the Gravitational Balance Equations (GBE)~cite{lavenda} which arise from varying the Einstein-Hilbert action with respect to sectoral scale factors in a doubly-warped spacetime. The extrinsic curvature is promoted to a random field, and a moment hierarchy is derived from the GBE. A geometric projector closure maps second moments to an effective fluctuation curvature, yielding closed mean equations without ad-hoc stress tensors. The fluctuation energy obeys a generalized Bochner formula, linking geometric dissipation to the mean extrinsic curvature and the intrinsic curvature of the leaves. This approach provides a self-consistent probabilistic description of gravitational fluctuations, revealing that classical general relativity is not a fundamental deterministic theory but rather the first-moment truncation of a more complete stochastic geometric description. In particular, the so-called ``exact'' vacuum solutions of Einstein's equations--such as Schwarzschild--are not exact; they are mean-field approximations that neglect the essential nonlinear term (K_{AB}K^{AB}) and all higher fluctuations. This neglect becomes manifest in regimes beyond the photon sphere ((G<3M)), where the classical hierarchy of terms breaks down and the mean-field description yields unphysical results.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[11] viXra:2601.0041 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-10 17:34:38
Authors: Erik G. Bergren
Comments: 5 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: Author name and an abstract are required in the article; please cite and list scientific references)
Explanation of the Relativistic Space-Time Scales defined by the IAU called "TCB", "TCG", "TT", and "TDB", and the resulting effects on report of times, velocities, positions, and masses using those measurement frames, for example as in the JPL Ephemerides. The constants of those measurement systems are calculated.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[10] viXra:2601.0033 [pdf] replaced on 2026-02-13 21:13:08
Authors: Tomasz Kobierzycki
Comments: 21 Pages.
In this work I present extensions of Einstein field equations [1] into four index equations. This extensions give as natural result a energy tensor for vacuum thus for gravity field. It’s all construct in spirit of two index field equations and in truth does not need any additional assumptions about field equations. Form it follows that it’s natural completeness of two index equations not a true extension as it fully defines curvature tensor not only Ricci part of curvature as it happens in two index equations. Quantum effects are divided into two parts, one is about wave function like object and measurement, next one is about spin as orientation of manifold. Wave function like object is constructed from normalized curvature invariant. That plays role of "probability" of finding object in given volume of spacetime at given interval of time. I did no present direct solutions to those equations or concrete examples where it differs from General Relativity [1].
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[9] viXra:2601.0032 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-08 19:13:15
Authors: Pavlo Danylchenko
Comments: 11 Pages.
The feasibility of using in physics of relativistically invariant Newtonians of the free inertial rest energyof matter and Keplerians of the ordinary rest energy of matter, respectively, instead of relativistically noninvariantHamiltonians and Lagrangians, has been shown. And this is in good agreement not only withrelativistically invariant thermodynamics, but also with the equations of the dynamic gravitational field ofboth the Solar System and flat galaxies. Newton's law of gravity is obtained directly from the condition ofno change in the flow of the proper time of matter during its inertial motion in a gravitational field. Andthus the presence of complete compensation of the gravitational dilation of time of the matter by itsinertial motion is proved. True relativistic transformations of the increments of spatial coordinates andtime are obtained. The true relativistic transformations of increments of spatial coordinates and time arepresented. These transformations are based on Keplerian (which is alternative to Lagrangian) and differ from Lorentz transformations only in one parameter b. Based on the analysis of the motion of the planets, the compensation by the centrifugal pseudo-force of inertia not only of the gravitational pseudoforce, but also of the pseudo-force of evolutionary self-contraction of the matter to the center of gravity is confirmed.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[8] viXra:2601.0027 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-06 11:54:01
Authors: Holger Döring
Comments: 27 Pages.
An interaction of two coupling fields of fourth order leads to a local energy overthrow, which can generate a form of Big Bang over a phase transition. The interaction of two topological, skyrmionlike objects can cause this sort of Big Bang in a form of description. The assumption, that the first cause thereby is generated from a pointlike singularity is neglected through a substitute of a kink an its antikink of a skyrmionlike structure. The theory- description is a approximation of spacetime — for one/two spacelike dimensions and one timelike dimension. As well as the early but also later phases of the universe are similiar in description to classical theories in inflation and later phases for a universe caused by a single singularity.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[7] viXra:2601.0017 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-04 22:34:40
Authors: Aung Kyaw Sunn
Comments: 13 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: Please submit article written with AI assistance to ai.viXra.org)
Recent high-precision cosmological observations have revealed statistically significanttensions between early-universe inferences and late-time measurements, most notably in theHubble constant H0 and the clustering amplitude parameter S8. These discrepancies mayindicate limitations of the standard ΛCDM framework when extrapolated across cosmicepochs. In this work, we develop a thermodynamically motivated cosmological model in which the dark energy component is not introduced as a fundamental constant, but instead emerges dynamically from the thermodynamics of the apparent horizon. By applying Hayward’s unified first law in conjunction with the Clausius relation to the cosmological apparent horizon, we derive a self-consistent evolution equation for the Hubble parameter H(z). Numerical integration of the resulting evolution law yields a present-day expansion rate H0 ≃ 71.0 kms−1 Mpc−1, which lies between cosmic microwave background inferences and local distance ladder measurements. The model further predicts a present-day matter density Ωm,0 = 0.2677 and a clustering parameter S8 = 0.781, both of which are consistent withrecent weak lensing constraints. ...notably in the Hubble constant H0 [2] and the clusteringamplitude parameter S8 [8]. These results suggest that horizon thermodynamics may provide a viable mechanism for generating an effective dark energy component, and that the observed cosmological tensions could reflect an incomplete thermodynamic description of the cosmic expansion history rather than the need for new fundamental fields.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[6] viXra:2601.0015 [pdf] replaced on 2026-01-16 01:35:03
Authors: Ervin Goldfain
Comments: 33 Pages.
As sequel to [1-2], this work explores the gravitational consequences of Cantor Dust formation in the primordial Universe. We find that the multifractal structure of Cantor Dust (CD) can account for a wide range of galactic and cosmological phenomena, commonly attributed to either particle Dark Matter (DM) or modified Newtonian gravity (MOND). Asymptotically flat rotation curves are recovered without invoking modified force laws. Baryonic cooling and dissipation fix the extent of luminous structures at a universal acceleration scale, which leads naturally to the baryonic Tully—Fisher relation (BTFR). We survey weak lensing, dynamical friction, and cluster constraints, and outline testable observational signatures distinguishing this framework from standard cold DM scenarios. In summary, our results suggest that CD provides a unified geometric explanation of DM phenomenology across multiple scales.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[5] viXra:2601.0011 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-03 23:42:34
Authors: Andrew W. Beckwith
Comments: 16 Pages.
This study compares a multiverse generalization of CCC Penrose cosmology with my work on Klauder enhanced quantization and the cosmological constant problem. While it is not linked to tokamaks, it is still interesting to contemplate.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[4] viXra:2601.0010 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-02 21:31:57
Authors: Chan Bock Lee
Comments: 13 Pages.
The special theory of relativity proposed by Albert Einstein in 1905 postulates that velocity of light is independent of movement of its light source. It is different from conventional Newtonian mechanics for objects. Based upon advancements in understanding light up to now since 1905, dependence of light velocity upon movement of its light source was investigated. Analysis of characteristics of light such as generation, traveling and interaction with the matter showed that light can be regarded as a discrete one, a particle or a photon. Through analysis of the results of the Michelson-Morley experiment and the working mechanism of radar, it was found that velocity of light depends upon velocity of the light source. Therefore, Newtonian mechanics can be applied to light as same as all the other objects. The evidences which have been used to support the special theory of relativity, such as light from binary stars and time dilation measured in satellite using atomic clock were discussed to show that they can not be solid or sufficient verification. The subjects which need to be updated when the special theory of relativity is not valid, were discussed. As Newtonian mechanics is applied to light, physics and the universe could be more easily conceivable and accessible by using the frame of the three-dimensional space and time.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[3] viXra:2601.0006 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-01 03:50:05
Authors: Moshe Segal
Comments: 23 Pages.
Newton's Universal Gravitational Law (1) provided the magnitude of the Force of the attraction between massive bodies. However, the reason what causes this attraction remained a mystery until the introduction of Einstein's General Relativity Theory (GRT)(2). GRT explained the attraction between massive bodies, but Physics does not provide yet a tested, verifiable explanation to the question: why Electric Charges attract and repel each other, despite the fact, that the Coulomb's Law Force (3) provided the magnitude of the Force of the attraction or the repulsion between Electric Charges. Current main stream Physics does provide several theories which attempt to provide an explanation to why Electric Charges attract and repel each other, but all these theories are still in the stage of research and investigation, and none propose a feasible test or experiment to provide additional validity to its claims. This paper proposes tentative additional explanations to the question: why Electric Charges attract and repel each other, along with a feasible proposed experiment. Since GRT replaced the Energy embedded in Newton's Gravitation Field with Einstein's four-dimensional interwoven spacetime Field, and Newton's Universal Gravitational Force with the geometry attributed to Einstein's four-dimensional interwoven spacetime, then, similarly to GRT, this paper presents, that it might be reasonable to present, several models, which replace the Coulomb's Electric Force with additional geometries, attributed to the Energies embedded in the Electric Fields, such that, these models, might provide additional explanations to why Electric Charges attract and repel each other. And, as already mentioned above, this paper also proposes a feasible experiment which might either provide additional validity to the models presented in this paper, or disprove them. An explanation to why Electric Charges attract and repel each other is just one issue in a larger attempt to Unify Gravity and Electromagnetism. Thus, the existing theories that also try to provide an explanation to why Electric Charges attract and repel each other, also propose a tentative Unification of Gravity and Electromagnetism. Thus, if the experiment, proposed in this paper, will be implemented, and its results will be successful, this might also provide a lead, to achieve a tentative Unification between Gravity and Electromagnetism, a significant issue which is still an open subject.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[2] viXra:2601.0003 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-01 03:20:53
Authors: Yi-Chia, Tsen
Comments: 4 Pages.
We propose a theoretical cosmology framework in which the classical spacetime manifold is reinterpreted as an emergent superfluid vacuum, described by a Bose--Einstein condensate governed by a nonlinear textit{logarithmic Schr"{o}dinger equation} (LogSE). In this two-phase picture, the homogeneous ground-state of the condensate (Phase A) gives rise to cosmic acceleration (dark energy) through its negative pressure and exhibits a small bulk viscosity that can reconcile disparate measurements of the Hubble constant. Meanwhile, excited states of the condensate (Phase B) form quantized vortices and density solitons that behave as dark matter halos in galaxies. We derive the effective fluid dynamics of this superfluid vacuum, showing that it naturally yields a cosmic equation-of-state $w approx -1$ on large scales and MOND-like phenomenology on galactic scales, without requiring unknown particle species. We demonstrate that quantum pressure from the LogSE resolves the core--cusp problem by stabilizing galactic cores, and that the logarithmic self-interaction allows halo core sizes to be decoupled from the particle mass, avoiding the Catch-22'' that plagues fuzzy dark matter. The framework is confronted with observations: it passes current cosmological tests and galactic rotation curve data, while making distinct, falsifiable predictions. In particular, Lorentz invariance emerges only as a low-energy symmetry of the superfluid vacuum, implying an energy-dependent vacuum refractive index at high energies. We discuss how precision multimessenger timing (e.g., GW170817) and ultra-high-energy gamma-ray observations (e.g., LHAASO detection of GRB~221009A) place stringent constraints on any such Lorentz-violating dispersion. Upcoming astronomical surveys and particle experiments will further test this unified dark'' sector framework.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[1] viXra:2601.0002 [pdf] submitted on 2026-01-01 02:07:28
Authors: KyeongDo Kwak
Comments: 39 Pages.
The second principle of relativity, stating that the speed of light is constant re-gardless of the source’s velocity, remains incompletely understood.Moreover, thespeed of light is incompatible with length contraction.Beyond this, relativity stillcontains many thought experiments that are difficult to comprehend. These includeBell’s spaceship paradox, the muon paradox, the Supplee submarine paradox, andthe Ehrenfest paradox. The commonality among these problems is that logical con-tradictions arise during the application of length contraction. Since these problemsstem from length contraction, approaching them with length expansion logically re-solves all issues. This article examines whether length expansion resolves this seriesof problems.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
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