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[24] viXra:2603.0137 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-31 00:28:02
Authors: Xianxiang Duan
Comments: 38 Pages. In Chinese (Note by viXra Admin: Please submit article written with AI assistance to ai.viXra.org)
This article presents a theory analogous to relativity. Starting from the velocity term in the delayed potential or Doppler effect formula, it establishes a mathematical framework similar to relativity but with distinct physical interpretations by drawing analogies between electromagnetic fields and gravitational fields. The theory proposes the existence of a "mass field force" through such analogies. Serving as an effective theoretical framework within flat spacetime, it reconstructs the primary observable effects of general relativity at solar system scales through Doppler-weighted corrections to the delayed potential, without introducing curved spacetime geometry. This approach provides a novel physical interpretation while predicting the absence of singularities.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[23] viXra:2603.0131 [pdf] replaced on 2026-04-20 12:41:49
Authors: Pavlo Danylchenko
Comments: 8 Pages. small correction to show correct article name in title bar of PDF file
The fallacy of using such a false parameter as the coordinate velocity of light in GR is proven. This coordinate velocity of light, unlike the limit velocity of matter, cannot in principle be less than the true velocity of matter. The suitability for use in the people's world of only ordinary synchronization-compensation transformations of increments of spatial coordinates and time is substantiated. These transformations, unlike the alternative to them ordinary Lorentz transformations (OLT), allow to proportionally synchronize all clocks that move in a gravitational field by inertia. The suitability of OLT (due to the inherent to OLT blueshift of the frequency of centripetal radiation instead of redshift) for use only in the comoving with expanding Universe frame of references of spatial coordinates and time is proven. Newton's law of gravity is obtained directly from the condition of no change in the flow of the proper time of matter during its inertial motion in a gravitational field. The fallacy of ignoring the compensation of gravitational dilation of time by the inertial motion of matter is most thoroughly substantiated. And this is in good agreement not only with relativistically invariant thermodynamics, but also with the equations of the dynamic gravitational field of both the Solar System and flat galaxies.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[22] viXra:2603.0126 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-25 13:33:03
Authors: Tibor Endre Nagy
Comments: 13 Pages.
Based on the dualistic model of Earth moving with the expanding universe and considered static at the same time, the total mass of the universe can be determined using the flow laws and Newton's law of universal gravitation. A concentric sphere can be drawn in three dimensions around the Earth moving in the opposite direction compared to the receding galaxies. A tubular geometric shape can be fitted into this sphere in all directions from the center to the periphery. By increasing the radius of the tube of radius h expressed from the Einstein formula to the size of the radius of the universe (i.e. H), a continuous, axisymmetric cylinder can be formed. The speed according to Hubble's law, at a redshift of 3.14, is equal to the speed of light in a volume of radius h. Maintaining, this speed with respect to the universe, we can study the changes in the parameters of the cosmos through the flow laws of matter moving in one direction in a tube of varying cross-section. This approach, together with the application of gravitational attraction, can lead to the determination of the mass of the universe.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[21] viXra:2603.0119 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-23 18:55:23
Authors: Karl De Paepe
Comments: 2 Pages.
We compare the energy, including gravitational energy, of a system of two zero rest mass classical particles before and after absorption by a solid spherical mass and show energy is not conserved.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[20] viXra:2603.0118 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-23 02:10:45
Authors: Fernando Salmon Iza
Comments: 5 Pages.
For decades, the prevailing view in the scientific community has been that our universe is expanding at an accelerating rate. However, a recent experimental study (Junhjuk Son et al., 2025) seems to confirm that our universe shows no signs of acceleration; that is, we might be living in a non-accelerating universe. In this work, we present evidence that this result agrees with the predictions of relativistic theory. To this end, we present a proof of the zero active mass equation (ρ + 3p = 0) for a universe with FLRW metric and zero space curvature (k = 0). We study the expansion of the universe by analyzing two partial models: a classical energy model and a thermodynamic fluid dynamics model. The interrelation between these two models demonstrates that, for universes with zero space curvature and a Lapse function equal to one, the valid solutions to the Friedmann equations are only those that lead to a non-accelerating universe. It is important to note that this proof also provides a result on the energy needed for the expansion of the universe, concluding that for a non-accelerated expansion no additional energy is needed.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[19] viXra:2603.0117 [pdf] replaced on 2026-04-09 15:33:31
Authors: Ervin Goldfain
Comments: 36 Pages.
We conjectured in [1] that a non-vanishing and scale-dependent deviation of effective spacetime dimension from D = 4 generates corrections to the Poisson equation and to the cosmological clustering process. This sequel elaborates on how Fractional Poisson Equation offers a viable explanation of the Sigma 8 anomaly.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[18] viXra:2603.0112 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-22 00:22:26
Authors: K. Sethuraman
Comments: 5 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: Please cite and list scientific references and submit article written with AI assistance to ai.viXra.org)
Time dilation in Special Relativity (SR) and General Relativity (GR), discovered by Albert Einstein, is conventionally introduced through distinct mechanisms: relative velocity in SR and gravitational potential in GR. In contrast, this paper proposes a unified conceptual framework for interpreting time dilation in both SR and GR based on a single geometric principle, illustrated using a common light-clock model. The guiding heuristic is "longer path = slower tick." In SR, relative motion causes the light pulse in a moving light clock to follow a longer diagonal spacetime path between successive reflections, leading to time dilation. In GR, spacetime curvature(geodesics) generated by mass—energy causes the light pulse to follow a longer curved path between equivalent clock events, likewise resulting in time dilation. Rather than interpreting gravitational time dilation solely through abstract expressions involving gravitational potential, this approach emphasizes a geometric interpretation in which time dilation arises from the increased spacetime path length traversed by the light pulse in curved spacetime. This interpretation is consistent with the experimentally verified Shapiro time delay, which demonstrates that a light pulse requires additional propagation time when passing through regions of strong gravitational curvature near a massive body. This framework is intended as a heuristic and interpretive aid and it does not replace the full tensorial formulation of SR and GR or their quantitative predictions derived from the Einstein field equations.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[17] viXra:2603.0093 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-18 11:14:09
Authors: Davor Palle
Comments: 14 Pages.
We argue that the sudden change of the sign of the difference between the gravity forces of oceantidal bulges on the test masses of two orthogonal arms of LIGO interferometers could be responsible for theLIGO GW150914 event at the time when the relative strainwas measured. The time coincidence of the events at Hanford and Livingston (USA) interferometers is explained by the moving ocean bulge crossing the critical point in the southern part of the Indian Oceanwhere the forces change the sign.The precise position of the critical point is defined by positions and orientations of the two LIGOinterferometers.During the LIGO GW150914 event,the Moon and the Sun were in very close zenith positions in East Africa.The approximate alignment of the Moon and the Sun with the Earth is present also at the time of theLIGO GW151226 and LVT151012 events. The local maxima of tidal forces exerted on the Indian Oceanappear once in a month.The future inclusion of the third Virgo interferometer in Cascina (Italy)proves to be decisive because it cannot produce the time coincident event with the two LIGO interferometerswithin the described scenario.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[16] viXra:2603.0087 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-16 13:33:50
Authors: Rudi Van Nieuwenhove
Comments: 8 Pages.
Cosmic filaments constitute one of the most prominent components of the large-scale structure of the Universe, forming coherent, elongated bridges between clusters and superclusters of galaxies. In the standard cosmological framework, these structures are interpreted as dark-matter-dominated density enhancements produced by the gravitational amplification of primordial fluctuations. In this work, we explore an alternative description based on Vacuum Localized Structures (VLS): self-gravitating solutions of the Einstein field equations characterized by a non-standard vacuum equation of state.We derive and analyze a new class of exact, cylindrically symmetric VLS solutions of the Einstein equations, appropriate to modelling extended filamentary systems. These solutions are supported by an effective stress—energy tensor with radial pressure p_r=-ρ/3, generalising the equation of state previously identified in spherical VLS configurations. We characterise the resulting space-time, study its gravitational field, and show that it naturally gives rise to coherent, non-singular, extended structures with finite mass per unit length.The present cylindrical solutions extend earlier work on spherical VLS, where galactic-scale configurations were shown to reproduce key features of observed rotation curves without invoking particle dark matter. Taken together, the spherical and cylindrical solutions provide a unified relativistic framework in which both galactic halos and cosmic filaments emerge as manifestations of vacuum-organized gravitational structures.We discuss the physical properties of cylindrical VLS, their potential stability, and their relevance to observed filament phenomenology, including coherence length, mass distribution, and large-scale dynamical effects. These results suggest that vacuum localized structures may offer a viable alternative foundation for the gravitational scaffolding of the cosmic web.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[15] viXra:2603.0084 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-17 00:18:23
Authors: Juan Moreno Borrallo
Comments: 33 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: For the last time, please submit article written with ANY AI assistance to ai.viXra.org!)
Supplemental Material of the main paper "Quantum-Elastic Geometry: From Geometric Extension to Linear and Non Linear Regimes"
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[14] viXra:2603.0080 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-15 14:43:03
Authors: Mueiz Gafer KamalEldeen
Comments: 5 Pages.
The aim of this research is to identify and classify the different formulas that describe the relationship between energy and momentum. We examine all the three currently known relations in addition to a newly proposed relation in terms of their range of validity and their physical significance. It is found that the proposed relation is the most broadly valid and strongest in terms of physical significance.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[13] viXra:2603.0076 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-13 21:22:38
Authors: Antonio Jose Mejias Marquina
Comments: 2 Pages.
In this work, the formula for the Compton effect will be derived using the conservation of electron energy and relativity.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[12] viXra:2603.0067 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-12 11:45:51
Authors: David M. Bower
Comments: 3 Pages.
Ever since the advent of special relativity over one hundred years ago, there has been considerable debate over the concept of "relativistic mass", i.e., whether mass increases with velocity. Although the equations of Einstein’s version of special relativity (ESR) can be interpreted to show that mass increases with velocity (and that such an increase of mass with velocity seems logically required to explain that light speed is a limiting velocity), assuming that mass increases with velocity is associated with an insurmountable logical contradiction (in view of a previously published paradox involving ESR). This insurmountable contradiction suggests that it is meaningless to postulate that mass increases with velocity
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[11] viXra:2603.0058 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-10 23:48:13
Authors: Oliver R. Jovanovic
Comments: 13 Pages.
I present an empirically grounded, effective description of gravitational dynamics. In my view, a full quantitative description would require the formalism of general relativity, a closely related extension, or an appropriate replacement, which is beyond the scope of this work.When a rubber ball is pressed against the floor, its internal energy—and consequently its mass—increases by Δm = ΔE/c²; a similar effect occurs when a body is lifted. Building on this principle, the gravitational formulation proposed here avoids singularities at the centers of black holes. In regions where rs exceeds r, gravity becomes repulsive, which can be interpreted as an effective contribution similar to dark energy. The framework also provides a mechanism consistent with quark confinement, while all resulting equations remain closely aligned with those of general relativity.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[10] viXra:2603.0055 [pdf] replaced on 2026-03-15 00:41:39
Authors: Remi Cornwall
Comments: 18 Pages. Dimesional consistency of eqns. 9 and 12 corrected. Epsilon constant now halved in eqn. 9. Grammar and presentational changes (size of images etc.) (Note by viXra Admin: Please submit article written with AI assistance to ai.viXra.org)
This paper completes a series of earlier papers on the Cosmological Constant as compressible fluid-like zeropoint energy, which acts as a 2nd order perturbation in the stress-energy tensor; this preceded an earlier sketch for a means for Dark-Energy to gravitate. We suggest a replacement to ad-hoc MOND type theories with the theory developed herein, in the light of recent DESI and JWIST discoveries, with a fully covariant version of our earlier gravitating dark-energy model: we show that dark-energy can gravitate if it is considered to be in compression by tidal effects; also it sets a natural cusp-like size limit to galaxies and clusters. A relation is suggested between the slope of the galactic rotation curve and the slope of the dark-energy/matter zone is found too. An earlier proof by the author that MOND type theories are not Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle compatible is cited here. Finally we ask if an extra-repulsive form of dark-energy may prevent collapse to singularity in Black hole solutions. All-in-all, this paper is a semi-classical treatment of gravity with vacuum corrections that might manifest on the large-scale.Keywords: Action, Cosmological Constant, Covariance, Dark-Matter, DESI, Gravitating Dark-Energy, Uncertainty Principle, JWIST, ΛCDM, MOND, Renormalisation Group, Rotation Curves, Singularities
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[9] viXra:2603.0054 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-09 09:53:19
Authors: Pavlo Danylchenko
Comments: 4 Pages.
The feasibility of using the equations of the dynamic gravitational field to reflect the expanding Universe has been proven. Only thanks to this, the Hubble velocity of matter will not exceed the velocity of light at the event horizon of the Universe. The identity of the parameter b of the Schwarzschild solution of the equations of the gravitational field to the square of the relative frequency of the electromagnetic interaction of microobjects of matter and the equivalence of the limit velocity of matter to this parameter in its state of immobility has been justified. The falsehood of associating the parameter b with the coordinate velocity of light of the General Relativity (GR) has been proven.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[8] viXra:2603.0045 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-07 22:15:12
Authors: Andrew Beckwith
Comments: 13 Pages. Accepted for publication in JHEPGC
We begin with a review of Friedman geometry in order to get a relationship between vacuum energy density and Hubble expansion parameter, Furthermore, in line with Utpal Sarkar, we can write the Hubble parameter as proportional to the square of background temperature, which is important in our derivational work. Furthermore, in line with work presented by Guth and Vilikin we can obtain g_00 = 1 for a time component in the Toroidal universe by setting a three dimensional line element as embedded in the square of a scale factor a (t) at times the "line element" given by R. Murdzek (which has a 3 dimensional presentation of a Ricci scale factor ). Incorporating the Guth and Vilikin "line element" trick, for a Toroidal universe allows 9_00 =1 for obtaining a non-zero stress energy tensor we can write as T_00 as a non-zero value even if the Ricci component R_00 in our construction is zero.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[7] viXra:2603.0044 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-07 22:08:09
Authors: Dong-Wook Kim
Comments: 14 Pages.
We propose Observer-Relative Infinity Theory (ORI), a mathematically rigorous extension of Special Relativity built on three independently established results. First, the constant c appears in Maxwell's equations as a structural ratio of electromagnetic constants, prior to any reference to light, establishing it as a geometric parameter of spacetime rather than a velocity law. Second, Ignatowski (1910) and Lee and Kalotas (1975) proved that the Lorentz transformation follows from spatial isotropy and the principle of relativity alone, without assuming a light-speed postulate, leaving c as a free parameter to be fixed by experiment. Third, Robinson's non-standard analysis (1966) provides a logically consistent number field containing infinite elements as genuine algebraic objects, within which infinite velocity is well-defined rather than a divergent limit.Building on these foundations, we introduce a projection operator that maps an unbounded true coordinate space onto a finite observed interval determined by the observer's resolution scale, denoted Omega. This operator is proven to be strictly monotone, strictly concave, sub-additive, and invertible. The resolution scale Omega is derived from the observer's characteristic energy and rest mass, and reduces exactly to c for photon-based detectors. True spacetime is taken to be Euclidean with a positive-definite metric; the Minkowski pseudo-Riemannian structure of standard relativity emerges from the projection to leading order. Newtonian mechanics is recovered exactly in the low-velocity limit, and Special Relativity is recovered approximately when velocities approach Omega. Four falsifiable, quantitatively distinct predictions are derived: energy saturation at ultra-relativistic collider energies, linear scaling of muon lifetime at extreme Lorentz factors, a measurable bound on quantum entanglement propagation speed, and a natural resolution of the Hubble tension through a time-varying resolution scale.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[6] viXra:2603.0042 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-07 22:01:05
Authors: Casey McGrath
Comments: 5 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: Please cite listed scientific reference and submit article written with AI assistance to ai.viXra.org)
We present a minimal theorem stack in which low-energy physics emerges from a single causaltransition operator acting on a microscopic configuration Hilbert space. Proper time is defined as accumulated transition information along causal histories. An exact order-three invariant sector of the microscopic dynamics yields three fermion generations. In the infrared, the theory is described by an almost-commutative spectral triple whose visible finite algebra reproduces the Standard Model gauge group. The finite Dirac operator acts on a 96-dimensional fermionic Hilbert space and admitsa triality-circulant Yukawa core diagonalized by a discrete Fourier basis, producing exact zeroth-order harmonic flavor states. Minimal non-circulant defects generate CKM and PMNS mixing, while a compatible singlet Majorana block closes the neutrino sector by the seesaw mechanism. The bosonic spectral action yields Einstein—Hilbert, Yang—Mills, and Higgs terms from a single operator expansion. The fine-structure sector reduces to one microscopic spectral invariant. We isolate the remaining genuinely downstream inputs to explicit microscopic Yukawa coefficients, defect blocks,and the computation of the relevant spectral invariant.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[5] viXra:2603.0031 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-05 02:57:19
Authors: Emmanuel Kanambaye
Comments: 17 Pages.
In a recent paper, we claimed to propose a solution to the strong coupling break-down problem of massive gravity by making the theory massless above some energy-scale.Although interesting, it seems in light of the valuable work of Bonifacio, Hinterbichler and Rosen ({it Constraints on a Gravitational Higgs Mechanism}), that our proposed mehanism fails in its aim.At first glance, this may seem to spell the end for our model; fortunately things are rather more subtle because our model has indeed all the necessary tools to solve the strong coupling problem of massive gravity.Indeed, we are going to demonstrate in this paper, that for some appropriate expressions of the free tensor $mathcal{S}_{muu}(g,Psi,varphi^{ho},A)$ of our recently proposed model; it becomes possible to cleverly raise up the strong coupling scale of dRGT massive gravity without spoiling its ghost-free and local character.More precisely, through a concrete example, we will prove in the present paper that our recently proposed framework of massive gravity is well and truly a framework permitting to resolve both the strong coupling break-down problem as well as the van Dam-Veltman-Zakharov (vDVZ) discontinuity of dRGT massive gravity; we achieve this breakthrough by highlighting the first rather simple and improved four-dimensional dRGT massive gravity capable of overcoming both strong coupling problem and vDVZ discontinuity.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[4] viXra:2603.0028 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-05 18:09:24
Authors: Henk Dorrestijn
Comments: 9 Pages.
If we assume the Lorentz contraction in Einstein's theory is based on a misconception, we can understand the unexpected acceleration found when measuring the orbital motion of Pioneers 10 and 11. Rejecting the Lorentz contraction leads to a better understanding of the concept of velocity. The actual velocity of an object, when accounting for the time delay, turns out to be slightly greater than the traditionally determined velocity. The time delay in a gravitational field decreases with distance so the actual velocity decreases compared to the traditionally determined velocity. This can be considered the anomalous acceleration measured for the Pioneers. Our calculations show that the actual velocity explains the anomalous acceleration very accurately.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[3] viXra:2603.0027 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-05 18:33:01
Authors: Rodolfo Rossetti
Comments: 9 Pages. License: CC BY 4.0.
We announce the discovery of a non-vacuum, static, and dynamically stable traversable wormhole solution that fundamentally shatters the "exotic matter" requirement inherent in General Relativity. By embedding a scaled tubular neighborhood of a three-dimensional logarithmic spiral within the Einstein-Cartan-Maxwell framework, we derive a spacetime metric where the throat’s existence is dictated by the curve’s intrinsic Frenet-Serret curvature (κ) and torsion (τc). We rigorously prove the Rossetti-Geometric Autonomy Theorem: the fundamental existence condition, Eq(22), is structurally decoupled from the axial magnetic potential As(0). This result demonstrates that the wormhole is not a fragile artifact supported by external fields, but a self-sustaining topological necessity of the spiral geometry. The Null Energy Condition (NEC) is not merely violated; it is transmuted by the torsional pressure of the non-Riemannian connection, rendering the century-old search for "exotic fluids" obsolete. The crowning achievement of this work is the definitive solution to the stability problem. Through the derivation of the Radial Master Equation, we reveal an Effective Potential Veff(s) characterized by an insuperable torsional barrier at the throat (s→0). Unlike standard solutions prone to catastrophic collapse, the spiral-torsion coupling generates a positive-definite, divergent shield that immunizes the throat against radial fluctuations.Furthermore, we formalize the principles of Chronodynamics: establishing the exact Frame Dragging condition for bidirectional time travel and proving the Torsional Discharge Limit.We rigorously demonstrate that the quantum vacuum energy divergence at the Cauchy horizon is perfectly absorbed by the non-Riemannian spin-torsion coupling, acting as a geometric capacitor. This eliminates the radial collapse predicted by semiclassical gravity, formally defeating Hawking’s Chronology Protection Conjecture. This concludes the transition from speculative geometry to Torsiodynamics: the formal proof of a topologically eternal and dynamically invulnerable passage through spacetime. This work does not merely add to the literature; it rewrites the fundamental constraints of traversable topology and time travel.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[2] viXra:2603.0025 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-05 18:25:00
Authors: Richard Kaufman
Comments: 13 Pages.
Einstein’s train—lightning thought experiment is commonly used to illustrate the relativity of simultaneity, yet many textbook treatments leave implicit a modeling choice: observers typically analyze the scenario as though their own inertial frame were at rest. This assumption is not required by the postulates of special relativity, which permit an observer to adopt any inertial frame as at rest and itself as moving relative to it. This paper develops an operational method that makes this choice explicit by treating the rest frame of the light sources as the reference for assigning propagation distances, with the sources understood as lightning in ground air or as bulbs fixed to the track. Working in the train frame, and using only the train’s proper length, the relative velocity v, and the invariance of the speed of light c, the observer computes the propagation times and infers simultaneous emissions. The choice of source frame is an operational decision tied to the physical configuration of the emitters and does not introduce an absolute rest frame or imply any dependence of c on source or observer motion. The analysis does not replace the conventional interpretation but complements it by making explicit the operational choices involved in simultaneity judgments. Because the train—lightning experiment is almost universally presented as requiring the train observer to infer non-simultaneity, the analysis highlights how that conclusion depends on an implicit operational modeling choice while remaining consistent with special relativity. For completeness, Appendix A applies Selleri synchronization to Einstein’s original thought experiment, illustrating how admissible synchronization conventions affect simultaneity assignments.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
[1] viXra:2603.0011 [pdf] submitted on 2026-03-02 13:52:29
Authors: Ervin Goldfain
Comments: 36 Pages.
We develop a first-principles framework in which self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) emerges as an effective manifestation of primordial Cantor Dust. In this framework, Dark Matter resides on a multifractal support characterized by a scale-dependent Hausdorff dimension D<3. We argue that the phenomenology of SIDM is a memory of primordial Cantor Dust, emerging without conventional particle scattering and cross sections. The mechanism described here reproduces the flat galactic rotation curves, baryonic Tully-Fisher relations, the SIDM transport cross section, explains the core—cusp problem, the evasion of Bullet Cluster bounds and the morphology of the cosmic web.
Category: Relativity and Cosmology
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