Classical Physics

The Effect of Kinetic Energies on the Relationship Between Molecular Collision Speed and Acoustic Wave Speed

Authors: Hejie Lin, Tsung-Wu Lin
Comments: 7 Pages.

Acoustic waves are the result of molecules colliding and fluctuating. However, the relationship between acoustic wave speed and molecular collision speed has not been directly formulated and validated as a function of kinetic properties in terms of the translational and rotational kinetic energies. This article will present and validate a formula that connects acoustic wave speed and molecular collision speed with the translational and rotational kinetic energies of molecules. This formula not only provides insight into the microscopic mechanisms of acoustic waves but can also be used to determine acoustic wave speed from mechanic analyses such as collision simulations of particles.
Category: Classical Physics

Alternative Hypothesis for Cosmological Redshift

Authors: Felipe Wescoup
Comments: 3 Pages.

This paper proposes an alternative hypothesis for the cosmological redshift based on energy conservation between photons and the intergalactic medium (IGM). The hypothesis suggests that photons lose energy to the IGM during their propagation through space according to ΔE_IGM = -ΔE_photon, following an exponential decay model. This energy transfer results in the observed redshift without requiring the existence of dark energy. The paper presents the fundamental equations governing this interaction and suggests methods for testing the hypothesis through systematic redshift studies.
Category: Classical Physics

Reinterpreting Galileo's Inclined Plane and Pendulum Experiments

Authors: Haifei Ma
Comments: 12 Pages.

Galileo made significant contributions to the development of physics, including his discovery of inertia through the inclined plane experiment with a small ball. However, the limited understanding of the natural universe in Galileo's era prevented a complete interpretation of his findings. Even today, physicists grapple with fundamental questions such as why matter possesses inertia and what its true nature is. Addressing these questions is critical for refining classical mechanics and interpreting the concept of inertial reference frames. Since Galileo's time, physics has undergone centuries of development, accumulating a wealth of knowledge that was unavailable to early pioneers like Galileo, Descartes, and Newton. This progress has introduced new ideas and methods for tackling fundamental problems in physics. Consequently, it is both timely and necessary to reinterpret foundational classical physics experiments using contemporary insights. This article presents a reinterpretation of Galileo's inclined plane and pendulum experiments, leveraging modern physics knowledge and alternative perspectives. The study reveals that inertia fundamentally arises from the conservation of energy and offers a clear explanation for phenomena such as why an accelerating free-falling elevator qualifies as an inertial frame of reference. It also explores the origins of energy in the universe and reports several other significant findings. These discoveries, which have implications for bridging classical and modern physics, are discussed in detail.
Category: Classical Physics

The Content of Inertial Mass and Its Mechanism of Equivalence with Gravitational Mass

Authors: Zheng-Hua Zhang
Comments: 3 Pages. In Chinese

There are no objects in the universe that are not subject to forces, nor are there objects that are at rest or moving in a straight line at a constant speed. Inertia is not the property of an object to remain at rest or in uniform linear motion, but rather the property of maintaining its original accelerated motion. After confirming this, it is easy to see that what maintains the original variable speed motion state is the gravitational force and orbital velocity experienced by the object at each level of the material system. For multiple objects at the same position in the same gravitational field, their orbital velocities are the same at each level of the material system, the gravitational force they experience is proportional to their gravitational mass, so the ratio of their inertial mass to gravitational mass must be a constant.
Category: Classical Physics

Uncharted Ground: Exploring the Role of Gravitational Fields in Particle Physics and Quark Binding Energies

Authors: Gene A. Harvey
Comments: 6 Pages. (Note by viXra Admin: Please cite and list scientific references)

Building upon the model proposed in "Renaming Dark Matter as Condensed Gravitational Fields (ΛCGF) Within Cosmology," 1 this paper explores the extension of ΛCGF theory into atomic and subatomic realms. The previous framework conceptualized dark matter as regions of space dominated by high-density gravitational fields, eschewing the need for exotic particle hypotheses. In this continuation, we focus on how ΛCGF manifests within the strong nuclear force, specifically in its influence on quark confinement and the stability of baryons such as protons and neutrons.Through a series of detailed derivations, this paper demonstrates how the ΛCGF model affects quark binding energies, revealing that the gravitational potential within a ΛCGF interacts with the color force, modifying the effective strong coupling constant at small scales. This adjustment provides an alternate explanation for the strong nuclear force’s strength and range, without requiring a separate quantum field. This work proposes a unified gravitational framework that governs not only large-scale structures but also the interactions that bind subatomic particles, aligning gravitational and nuclear phenomena under a single, cohesive model.In addition, the ΛCGF model predicts subtle modifications in neutron-proton interactions and offers potential resolutions to discrepancies in neutron decay rates and proton stability observed in recent experiments. These predictions are testable through high-energy particle collisions and astrophysical observations of neutron stars and quark-gluon plasmas. The implications of this extended framework offer a fresh perspective on nuclear physics, further cementing the role of gravitational fields in structuring not just galaxies, but also the very building blocks of matter. To apply the CGF model to particle interactions within atomic structures, we begin by focusing on proton and neutron field densities, we can extend the concept of curvature and field interactions at subquantum scales, using the same principles that modify the Einstein field equations.
Category: Classical Physics

The Epistemology of Contemporary Physics: Classical Mechanics II

Authors: Taha Sochi
Comments: 29 Pages.

In this paper of "The Epistemology of Contemporary Physics" series we investigate Newton's third law and discuss and analyze its epistemological significance from some aspects with special attention to its relation to the principle of conservation of linear and angular momentum. The main issue in this investigation is the potential violations of this law according to the claims made in the literature of mainstream physics. This issue may cast a shadow on the validity of classical mechanics, and its Newtonian formulation in particular, formally and epistemologically and could have important implications and consequences on contemporary physics in general. However, what is more important about this issue from our perspective is the lack of clarity, comprehensibility and coherence in the investigation and analysis of this issue and its implications marked by the absence of appropriate conceptual and epistemological frameworks to deal with this issue properly and systematically. As a result, what we find in the literature is a collection of contradicting views which are mostly based on personal choices and preferences and selective or biased theoretical analysis with the lack of proper experimental verification and substantiation.
Category: Classical Physics

G Coil Experiment as Metamorphosis of Faraday's Disk (In Spanish)

Authors: Carles R. Paul, Ricard Bosh, Albert Serra, Jose Lopez
Comments: 15 Pages.

A new experiment on unipolar induction has been designed and built by topologically modifying the structure of the Faraday disk. The metamorphosis consists of replacing the magnet with a solenoid, with the same axis of rotation as the disc, and connected in series with a radial conductor, which replaces the disc. This resulting shape has been called G Coil, due to the shape similar to the letter G that the device forms. This experiment demonstrates the viability of a new electrical machine that works as a motor without the need for any external magnetic field. Working at low voltages and high currents.

Se ha diseñado y construido un nuevo experimento sobre la inducción unipolar, modificando topológicamente la estructura del disco de Faraday. La metamorfosis consiste en la sustitución del imán por un solenoide, con el mismo eje de rotación que el disco, y conectado en serie con un conductor radial, que sustituye al disco. A esta forma resultante se le ha denominado Espira G, por la forma parecida a la letra G que forma el dispositivo. Con este experimento se demuestra la viabilidad de una nueva máquina eléctrica que funciona como motor sin necesidad de ningún campo magnético externo. Trabajando en bajas tensiones y altas intensidades.
Category: Classical Physics

Mond as a Transformation Between Non-Inertial Reference Frames Via Sciama's Interpretation of Mach's Principle

Authors: Manuel Uruena Palomo
Comments: 15 Pages.

Moderhai Milgrom's Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) correction to Newtonian gravity or inertia is shown to be equivalent to a more fundamental formulation considering a non-inertial local reference frame and the fixed background of the observable universe, in the spirit of Mach's principle. Both Newton's gravitational constant $Gsim c^2/(M_u/R_u)$ and Milgrom's MOND acceleration scale constant $a_0sim GM_u/R_u^2$ are replaced by two varying, measurable, and cosmological quantities determined by the causally connected mass and size of the universe. They arise from an inverse and an inverse squared distance scalar fields of matter density, respectively. This Machian interpretation of MOND is invariant under global rescalings of mass, length, and time across all regimes and is free from fundamental constants and free parameters, except for the speed of light. Machian MOND satisfies the fundamental consequences of Mach's principle not featured in Newton's and Einstein's theories: the decrease of inertia of a body when masses are removed from its neighborhood, and in the absence of a cosmic background, rotational motion is undefined up to the speed of light. Consequently, Machian MOND provides the necessary limiting behavior to which any phenomenological non-linear theory of modified inertia or gravity that incorporates Mach's principle, in agreement with galaxy rotation curves, should reduce as an effective approximation.
Category: Classical Physics

[ Attempted Proof that] Magnetic Field Doesn’t Exist: Faraday’s, Lorentz’s, and Maxwell’s Laws Proven Incorrect

Authors: Lavraj Vatsh
Comments: 45 Pages.

This article addresses several key issues with the current laws of electrodynamics, including Lorentz’s law, Faraday’s law, and the MaxwellAmp`ere law, by highlighting various scenarios where these laws fail to describe physical phenomena. It also presents a case where the condition ∇ · B equals non-zero occurs, challenging the standard belief that magnetic fields always have zero divergence. The article argues that magnetic fields, as traditionally understood, do not actually exist. Instead, effects thought to be caused by magnetic fields are simply due to electric fields (no need to include special theory of relativity). A new concept introduced in the article is the "drag property of the electric field," a previously unknown characteristic that creates the illusion of a magnetic field. Using this drag property, the article derives a set of revised electrodynamic laws that consistently apply across all situations. Additionally, it addresses the failure of the traditional atomic model and suggests a new approach. The article also challenges the idea that space is empty, proposing that space is filled with something rather than being a true vacuum. This research offers a fresh perspective on both electromagnetic theory and the nature of space.
Category: Classical Physics

Geometrized Vacuum Physics Part 8: Inertial Electromagnetism of Moving "Particles"

Authors: Mikhail Batanov-Gaukhman
Comments: 37 Pages.

This article is the eighth part of the scientific project under the general title "Geometrized Vacuum Physics Based on the Algebra of Signature" [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. In this article, are proposed metric-dynamic models of "electron" and "positron", which move with constant speed relative to vacuum, stable curvatures of which they themselves are. It is shown that the obtained results are applicable to all "baryons" and "mesons" included in the Standard Model of ele-mentary particles. Model concepts of induction of toroidal-helical vortices around the direction of motion of "parti-cles" and "antiparticles" made it possible to give a completely geometrized explanation of such phenomena as the motion of atomic bodies by inertia (without involving the concept of mass), inertial electric current and inertial elec-tromagnetic field. Like the entire project, this research is aimed at a partial implementation of the Clifford-Einstein-Wheeler program of complete geometrization of physics.
Category: Classical Physics

G Coil Experiment as Metamorphosis of Faraday's Disk

Authors: Carles R. Paul, Ricard Bosh, Albert Serra, Jose Lopez
Comments: 15 Pages.

A new experiment on unipolar induction has been designed and built by topologically modifying the structure of the Faraday disk. The metamorphosis consists of replacing the magnet with a solenoid, with the same axis of rotation as the disc, and connected in series with a radial conductor, which replaces the disc. This resulting shape has been called G Coil, due to the shape similar to the letter G that the device forms. This experiment demonstrates the viability of a new electrical machine that works as a motor without the need for any external magnetic field. Working at low voltages and high currents.
Category: Classical Physics

A Modified Born-Infeld Model of Electrons as Foundation of a Classical Model of Point-Like Electrons

Authors: Martin Kraus
Comments: 7 Pages.

While the original Born-Infeld model describes electrons as solutions of classical field equations, there are also several classical particle models that describe electrons as point-like particles. Along the lines of research on these models, the present work proposes a new model of point-like electrons, which represents the peak of a rotating field solution of a modified Born-Infeld field theory by a relativistic, point-like particle. This new model is compared with a recently published neo-classical model of point-like electrons in order to clarify similarities and differences.
Category: Classical Physics

The Epistemology of Contemporary Physics: Classical Mechanics I

Authors: Taha Sochi
Comments: 27 Pages.

In this paper of "The Epistemology of Contemporary Physics" series we investigate the epistemological significance and sensibility (and hence interpretability and interpretation) of classical mechanics in its Newtonian and non-Newtonian formulations. As we will see, none of these formulations provide a clear and consistent framework for understanding the physics which they represent and hence they all represent valid formalism without proper epistemology or sensible interpretation.
Category: Classical Physics

Two Fundamental Physical Laws Are Missing for a Complete Description of Gravity

Authors: Mykola Kosinov
Comments: 15 Pages.

For over 300 years, the formula for the force of gravitational interaction has been represented by the single law of universal gravitation of Newton. During this period, facts have been revealed that Newton's law of gravitation gives predictions that do not agree with observations. It is shown that Newton's law of gravity is not the single law of gravitational interaction in the Universe. Newton's law of universal gravitation (FN=GmM/r^2) is only one of three laws of gravitational interaction. In addition to Newton's law of gravitation, two new laws of gravitation are given: FK=mR^3/(T*r)^2; FCos=(mc^2)√Ʌ. These two laws of gravitational interaction remained undiscovered for more than 300 years. The three laws of gravitation (FN=GmM/r^2, FK=mR^3/(T*r)^2, FCos=(mc^2)√Ʌ) revive classical gravity and develop Newtonian dynamics towards a complete model of gravity. Newton's law of gravitation together with the two new laws of gravitation provide a complete and consistent description of gravitational interaction in the Universe.
Category: Classical Physics