Number Theory

0908 Submissions

[4] viXra:0908.0098 [pdf] submitted on 26 Aug 2009

The Riemann Hypothesis is a Consequence of CT-Invariant Quantum Mechanics

Authors: Carlos Castro
Comments: 17 pages, This article appeared in the Int. Jour. of Geom. Methods of Modern Physics vol 5, no. 1, February 2008

The Riemann's hypothesis (RH) states that the nontrivial zeros of the Riemann zeta-function are of the form s_n = 1/2 + iλ_n. By constructing a continuous family of scaling-like operators involving the Gauss-Jacobi theta series and by invoking a novel CT-invariant Quantum Mechanics, involving a judicious charge conjugation C and time reversal T operation, we show why the Riemann Hypothesis is true. An infinite family of theta series and their Mellin transform leads to the same conclusions.
Category: Number Theory

[3] viXra:0908.0091 [pdf] replaced on 25 Aug 2009

Polynomials with Rational Roots that Differ by a Non-zero Constant

Authors: Philip Gibbs
Comments: 6 pages

The problem of finding two polynomials P(x) and Q(x) of a given degree n in a single variable x that have all rational roots and differ by a non-zero constant is investigated. It is shown that the problem reduces to considering only polynomials with integer roots. The cases n < 4 are solved generically. For n = 4 the case of polynomials whose roots come in pairs (a,-a) is solved. For n = 5 an infinite number of inequivalent solutions are found with the ansatz P(x) = -Q(-x). For n = 6 an infinite number of solutions are also found. Finally for n = 8 we find solitary examples. This also solves the problem of finding two polynomials of degree n that fully factorise into linear factors with integer coefficients such that the difference is one.
Category: Number Theory

[2] viXra:0908.0079 [pdf] submitted on 21 Aug 2009

On the Riemann Hypothesis, Area Quantization, Dirac Operators, Modularity and Renormalization Group

Authors: Carlos Castro
Comments: 33 pages, This article will appear in the Int. J. of Geom. Methods in Mod Phys vol 7, no. 1 (2010)

Two methods to prove the Riemann Hypothesis are presented. One is based on the modular properties of Θ (theta) functions and the other on the Hilbert-Polya proposal to find an operator whose spectrum reproduces the ordinates ρ_n (imaginary parts) of the zeta zeros in the critical line : s_n = 1/2 + iρ_n A detailed analysis of a one-dimensional Dirac-like operator with a potential V(x) is given that reproduces the spectrum of energy levels E_n = ρ_n, when the boundary conditions Ψ_E (x = -∞) = ± Ψ_E (x = +∞) are imposed. Such potential V(x) is derived implicitly from the relation x = x(V) = π/2(dN(V)/dV), where the functional form of N(V) is given by the full-fledged Riemann-von Mangoldt counting function of the zeta zeros, including the fluctuating as well as the O(E^-n) terms. The construction is also extended to self-adjoint Schroedinger operators. Crucial is the introduction of an energy-dependent cut-off function Λ(E). Finally, the natural quantization of the phase space areas (associated to nonperiodic crystal-like structures) in integer multiples of π follows from the Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization conditions of Quantum Mechanics. It allows to find a physical reasoning why the average density of the primes distribution for very large x (O(1/logx)) has a one-to-one correspondence with the asymptotic limit of the inverse average density of the zeta zeros in the critical line suggesting intriguing connections to the Renormalization Group program.
Category: Number Theory

[1] viXra:0908.0050 [pdf] submitted on 10 Aug 2009

A Proof for Goldbach's Conjecture

Authors: Hamid V. Ansari
Comments: 5 pages

For a large even number there are a large number of pairs of odd numbers sum of the members of each being the even number. We eliminate those pairs that none of the members of each of them is prime and show that the number of the remaining pairs is still large. The process of proof shows that there can be no drop to zero in the function of the number of the mentioned prime pairs.
Category: Number Theory