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| viXra.org > Classical Physics > 2407 |
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[12] viXra:2407.0144 [pdf] submitted on 2024-07-24 06:54:53
Authors: Miroslav Pardy
Comments: 11 Pages.
The Lagrange theory of particle motion in thenoninertial systems is applied to the Foucaultpendulum, isosceles triangle pendulum and the generaltriangle pendulum swinging on the rotating Earth.As an analogue, planet orbiting in the rotatinggalaxy is considered as the the giant galactic gyroscope.The Lorentz equation and the Bargmann-Michel-Telegdiequations are generalized for the rotation system.The knowledge of these equations is inevitable for the constructionof LHC where each orbital proton "feels" the Coriolis force caused by therotation of the Earth.
Category: Classical Physics
[11] viXra:2407.0135 [pdf] submitted on 2024-07-23 09:30:28
Authors: Wei Liu
Comments: 6 Pages.
Babinet-Soleil compensators are routinely used in spectroscopy using Fourier TransformSpectroscopy principles to extract the spectral information of light sources. The Babinet-Soleilcompensator allows for precise control and adjustment of the phase difference between twopolarized light beams. It offers several advantages over other interferometer types such as excellentstability compactness and delay precision. However, the interference signal measured with thiscommon path interferometer is usually degraded by the presence of a displacement between thetwo polarization replicas at the output of the interferometer. This is due to a splitting between the twopolarization paths happening when the light passes through the air-gap of the wedge-shaped crystalsinside the Babinet-Soleil interferometer. This paper explores various modifications to the Babinet-Soleil scheme to mitigate birefringence-induced displacement effects between two interferingreplicas. The proposed schemes enhance the contrast of the interference signal, making itparticularly advantageous for high-precision metrology, optical coherence tomography, and otherinterferometric techniques requiring high visibility and stability.
Category: Classical Physics
[10] viXra:2407.0133 [pdf] submitted on 2024-07-23 17:17:42
Authors: Hejie Lin, Tsung-Wu Lin
Comments: 5 Pages.
The ratio of heat capacity is an absolute necessity for expressing physical properties in various fields including chemistry, physics, thermal dynamics, fluid dynamics, and acoustics. The ratio of heat capacity is defined as the heat capacity at constant pressure (Cp) divided by the heat capacity at constant volume (Cv). James Clerk Maxwell derived a formula for heat capacity ratio in terms of translational and rotational kinetic energies in his paper "On the Dynamical Theory of Gases" published in 1867. A similar derivation of the formula of heat capacity ratio is presented in this note.
Category: Classical Physics
[9] viXra:2407.0126 [pdf] submitted on 2024-07-22 02:30:13
Authors: Wolfgang Sturm
Comments: 8 Pages.
The conversion of the MM experiment (Michelson-Morley) to radio frequencies uncovers a historical construction error, which results in the null result. After its repair, the MM experiment works perfectly even with radio frequencies and achieves a positive and plausible measurement result in the simulation and in reality.
Category: Classical Physics
[8] viXra:2407.0097 [pdf] submitted on 2024-07-15 20:58:45
Authors: Mykola Kosinov
Comments: 9 Pages.
Besides the forces described by Newtonian dynamics, there is an additional cosmological force in the Universe, which is observed in experiments, but does not follow from Newton's law of gravitation. The additional cosmological force was not represented in Newtonian dynamics. The law of cosmological force Fcos = (mc^2)√Ʌ is derived. The law of cosmological force makes it possible to obtain the extended law of universal gravitation. The extended law of universal gravitation includes two laws of gravitation: Newton's law of gravitation and the law of cosmological force. The extended law of universal gravitation does not have the limitations of Newton's law of gravitation. It describes the full force of gravitational interaction both on small scales and on the scale of the Universe. The coupling constants in the extended law of universal gravitation are two constants: the Newtonian constant of gravitation G and the cosmological constant Ʌ. The equation of the extended law of universal gravitation without using the gravitational constant G is given. The extended law of universal gravitation gives an explanation of the Galaxy rotation curve and the Pioneer anomaly. Extended Newtonian dynamics is able to provide solutions to the problems of astrophysics and cosmology without expecting (and instead of) quantum gravity.
Category: Classical Physics
[7] viXra:2407.0082 [pdf] submitted on 2024-07-12 20:34:46
Authors: David Berkahn, James Chappell, Derek Abbott
Comments: 6 Pages.
Beginning with a standard application of the equivalence principle, we examine a simple localized experiment inside a rocket at constant thrust. We show in this case that it is possible to distinguish between this accelerating frame and the same frame sitting stationary on the surface of a source mass causing a gravitational field. We then discuss how this result relates to the equivalence principle. We also explore how the result can converge to a relative equivalence between both frames. Finally, we discuss how this relates to broader questions of relative and absolute motion.
Category: Classical Physics
[6] viXra:2407.0053 [pdf] submitted on 2024-07-08 02:40:55
Authors: Wolfgang Sturm
Comments: 2 Pages.
Dynamic experiments with energy calculations of moving bodies can be carried out with free and widely used electronics simulation software. All you have to do is exchange electrical and mechanical variables. This disproves the statements of an SRT doubter.
Category: Classical Physics
[5] viXra:2407.0048 [pdf] submitted on 2024-07-06 17:44:02
Authors: Robert A. Close
Comments: 7 Pages.
In quantum mechanics, students learn that angular momentum has two parts: intrinsic (or spin), and wave (or orbital) contributions. This separation is analogous to the separation of momentum into two parts when analyzing waves: intrinsic momentum associated with motion of the inertial medium, and wave momentum associated with propagation of energy by the wave. However, spin angular momentum can seem mysterious to students because, unlike the moment of momentum, it is independent of any coordinate origin. This difficulty can be overcome by teaching students the coordinate-independent definition of angular momentum density: the vector field whose curl is equal to twice the intrinsic momentum density. This definition of intrinsic angular momentum density, or spin density, is applicable in both classical and quantum physics. This paper gives specific examples illustrating how spin density describes the angular momentum of rigidly rotating objects. The relationships between spin density, velocity, and angular velocity are similar to the relationships between vector potential, magnetic field, and electric current in magnetostatics. Appreciation of the coordinate-independent description of angular momentum will remove one obstacle to students' understanding of quantum mechanics.
Category: Classical Physics
[4] viXra:2407.0014 [pdf] submitted on 2024-07-02 07:39:04
Authors: Parker Emmerson
Comments: 8 Pages.
This paper presents an investigation into the multifaceted concept of Morse energy within complex systems. By integrating principles from coordinate calculus and kinetic theory, we explore the implications of energy distribution, conservation, and optimality.
Category: Classical Physics
[3] viXra:2407.0011 [pdf] submitted on 2024-07-02 11:57:11
Authors: Martin Kraus
Comments: 5 Pages.
Recently, the total momentum of a numerical field solution of a modified Born-Infeld model of electrons was found to rotate instead of being conserved as expected based on Noether's first theorem and Gauss's theorem. This work offers an explanation of this rotation, which is consistent with these theorems. Furthermore, the rotating momentum is interpreted as a classical analog to an electron's quantum-mechanical momentum, which is uncertain due to Heisenberg's uncertainty principle.
Category: Classical Physics
[2] viXra:2407.0010 [pdf] submitted on 2024-07-02 20:20:20
Authors: Mykola Kosinov
Comments: 14 Pages.
MOND assumes that Newtonian dynamics is not accurate. Therefore, it needs modification. AuND assumes that Newtonian dynamics is accurate but not complete. For more than 300 years, Newtonian dynamics has remained an incomplete mathematical model. The shortcomings of the incomplete Newtonian dynamics have given reason to consider the classical model of gravity to be flawed and limited. Newton's formula FN = GMm/r^2 gives the force of gravitational interaction between two bodies. Accordingly, Newton's law formula gives only a part of the force of universal gravitation and does not apply to the universe. In addition to the forces described by Newtonian dynamics, there is a gravitational force in the Universe, which is observed in experiments, but does not follow from Newton's law of gravitation. Newtonian dynamics "does not see" the additional cosmological force of gravitational interaction of bodies with the mass of the Universe. The additional cosmological force is represented by a new law of gravitation, different from Newton's law. The law of cosmological force is presented using the cosmological constant Ʌ: FCos = (mc^2)√Ʌ. The cosmological force has a linear dependence on the mass of a body and does not obey the law of inverse squares. On small scales, the additional cosmological force is much smaller than the Newtonian force. On the scale of the universe, the cosmological force exceeds the Newtonian force and has a theoretical limit equal to the Planck force FP = c^4/G = 1.21027-10^44 N. This large force is not represented in Newton's law of universal gravitation.A new mathematical formula for the law of universal gravitation is given. The law of universal gravitation is represented by two equations, Newton's law FN = GMm/r^2 and the cosmological force law FCos = (mc^2)√Ʌ. Augmented Newtonian dynamics (AuND) reanimates the classical model of gravitation and provides a solution to the problems of cosmology without involving the hypothesis of "dark matter".
Category: Classical Physics
[1] viXra:2407.0008 [pdf] replaced on 2024-07-05 16:22:36
Authors: Victor Christianto, Florentin Smarandache
Comments: 10 Pages. The present review article has been submitted to a journal.
The present review article can be considered as an exploration in recreational mathematics. It is known that trajectory of a football may be altered significantly in mid-air, clearing out the goalkeeper stranded, could be a thing of excellence within the lovely diversion. But what precisely causes this apparently enchanted deed? The reply can be found in an interesting transaction between turn, speed, turbulence,and a property called the drag coefficient. In this review article we also discuss briefly on negative Magnus effect, with its possible trajectory. (the present review has been submitted to a journal)
Category: Classical Physics
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