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[9] viXra:2310.0133 [pdf] replaced on 2024-09-21 15:39:02
Authors: T. Nakashima
Comments: 7 Pages.
Riemann Hypothesis has been the unsolved conjecture for 164 years. This conjecture is the last one of conjectures without proof in "Ueber die Anzahl der Primzahlen unter einer gegebenen Grosse"(B.Riemann). The statement is the real part of the non-trivial zero points of the Riemann Zeta function is 1/2. Very famous and difficult this conjecture has not been solved by many mathematicians for many years. In this paper, I guess the independence (unprovability) of the Riemann Hypothesis.
Category: Classical Physics
[8] viXra:2310.0106 [pdf] submitted on 2023-10-22 11:39:44
Authors: Thomas Heiko Günther, Khoi Anh Hoang
Comments: 13 Pages. Published in Annals of West University of Timisoara - Physics, Vol. LXV, 2023 https://sciendo.com/de/article/10.2478/awutp-2023-0005
The present article investigates whether the drag coefficient of low density objects can be determined by free fall experiments with sufficient accuracy. Among other things, the drag coefficient depends on the flow velocity, which can be controlled in wind channels experiments. Free fall experiments do not offer an experimental environment with constant flow velocity. Especially the later part of the movement gets relevantly influenced by air drag deceleration. We theoretically estimate an average sphere drag coefficient for the relevant part of the movement of falling spheres. The results are verified by examining the drag coefficient from experimental data. Finally, we determine the drag coefficient of a model rocket, which is compered to the result of the corresponding wind channel experiment.
Category: Classical Physics
[7] viXra:2310.0092 [pdf] submitted on 2023-10-19 21:48:58
Authors: Michael Glen
Comments: 28 Pages. 19 figures
The properties of a resonant half wavelength mode, sometimes called a 4pi mode, is investigated in a toroidal cavity of large aspect ratio. No dividing wall is used but instead the field is given a poloidal (in the direction of the smaller circumference) twist. The toroidal cavity resonator equations are derived by bending a length of cylindrical waveguide into a toroid and changing the field equations from cylindrical to local toroidal. If the toroid aspect ratio is large the errors are small but the equations must still be considered to be approximate and so in order to confirm the stability and form of the resonant modes a finite difference time domain (FDTD) program was written to model the propagation of the fields. This also confirms that no false assumptions have been made, particularly regarding how the fields behave where the two ends of the half wave join. This is believed to be the first confirmation of the existence of a half wave toroidal mode without a dividing wall. FDTD simulations of both a toroidal (in the direction of the larger circumference) and a poloidal spinning 4pi mode were also carried out. It was observed that the presence of twist would prevent either a pure toroidal or poloidal spinning mode being produced and that the poloidally spinning field produced a stable mode with both spin and angular momentum.
Category: Classical Physics
[6] viXra:2310.0081 [pdf] replaced on 2024-02-10 19:09:34
Authors: Canlun Yuan
Comments: 27 Pages. English Edition
In this paper, the absolute static reference frame of the universe is established, Galileo's relativity principle and the essence of light are analyzed, and the zero result of Michelson-Morey experiment is re-recognized. The conclusion is that the light in two directions reaches the eyepiece at the same time, and when the interferometer is rotated at any angle, the light in two directions still reaches the eyepiece at the same time, and the interference fringes will not move, so the zero result of the experiment is inevitable. This paper analyzes Lorenz's explanation of the zero result of Michelson-Morey experiment, and points out many contradictions and mistakes in it. Because Michelson's wrong calculation result is not consistent with the zero result of the experiment, Lorenz had to set up "length shortening", "clock slowing down" and a Lorenz transformation factor to piece together the zero result of the experiment. It is precisely because these assumptions are incorrect that all the relations and related theories that use Lorentz transformation factors are incorrect. Only Galileo's relativity principle can correctly explain the zero result of Michelson-Morey experiment, and galilean transformation is the theory that correctly describes motion. This paper also re-understands the relationship between matter, space, time and motion, inertia, field, field wave, force and energy, analyzes the essence of nuclear energy, and establishes a new model of the universe. It makes physics return to the correct track of classical theory and deepens and develops classical theory.
Category: Classical Physics
[5] viXra:2310.0080 [pdf] submitted on 2023-10-17 00:26:38
Authors: Francois Zinserling
Comments: 22 Pages. (Correction made by viXra Admin to conform with scholarly norm - Please conform!)
It is postulated that the vacuum of space is filled with a dynamic primordial aether; boson particles moving at the speed of light, forming a tensor flux of spin=2 massless bosons. Each aether particle consists of two destructively interfering spin=1 bosons. This dynamic aether is compatible with known concepts of spacetime, and further leads to an understanding of the unstoppable arrow of time, and the mechanisms that slow clocks at velocity or in a gravity well. Mass, energy and momentum is understood, Fermions that interact with the aether gain the property of mass. From the well-known equation E=mc2, E is seen as only the portion of aether that interacts with mass. When a mass is set in motion, the aether bosons traversing an object is perturbed to not only reflect its energy and momentum, but the aether also perpetuates the motion. Further, an equivalence exists; a mass which finds itself in an asymmetric aether, is driven by the aether toward a constant velocity. This may lead to further investigations into the mechanics of gravity.
Category: Classical Physics
[4] viXra:2310.0065 [pdf] submitted on 2023-10-13 16:56:30
Authors: Vincenzo Nardozza
Comments: 3 Pages.
We propose a classical mechanism for the creation of magnetic moment in a particle.
Category: Classical Physics
[3] viXra:2310.0056 [pdf] submitted on 2023-10-11 20:07:19
Authors: Lev Ryzhikov
Comments: 5 Pages.
Most optical systems used in lithography include both illumination and imaging parts. The illumination part projects the light source into the plane of the objects of the optical system. In most cases, illuminators use the Kohler type of illumination, when the light source is projected to infinity. However, in some cases in illuminators, it is necessary to use the "Critical" type of illumination when the light source is projected directly into the plane of the objects of the optical system. In this case, it becomes possible to control the plane of objects, that is, to change the configuration of the object without reticle change. That is, in this case, it will be possible to change the configuration of the object without changing the reticle. In this case, the object must include a set of SLM (special light modulators) that form the desired configuration, which must be transferred to the image plane. Thus, by managing the SLM set, you can change the configuration of the object and thus exclude its replacement. That means that one reticle can be used to obtain different images. In this case, the SLM kit makes it possible to eliminate the replacement of the reticle when changing the geometric configuration of the object, which is achieved by changing the transmission (reflection) of the light flux.
Category: Classical Physics
[2] viXra:2310.0031 [pdf] replaced on 2023-12-09 15:09:44
Authors: Vincenzo Nardozza
Comments: 9 Pages.
In this paper we introduce the idea of electric fictitious currents for the electromagnetic field. Electric fictitious currents are currents that arise in electrodynamics when we change the topology of space. We show, with a specific example, how fictitious currents may be the source of magnetic moment of a singularity.
Category: Classical Physics
[1] viXra:2310.0003 [pdf] replaced on 2023-12-11 20:49:00
Authors: Kuan Peng
Comments: 17 Pages.
It is known that the Lorentz forces between two current elements do not respect the Newton's third law. This discrepancy hides an unknown property of electromagnetism. For solving this problem, we will derive a new law of magnetic force which respects the Newton's third law. This new law reveals the mechanism that transforms Coulomb’s force into magnetic force. We will also present experimental evidence that supports this new law.
Category: Classical Physics
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